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Borneo (Malaysian Borneo: Sarawak)

Sarawak, on Malaysian Borneo, is the page’s point for oud: Aquilaria malaccensis is the primary source of premium agarwood in Southeast Asia.

No harvest season is given: agarwood is not a seasonal crop. The point on the globe is Wikidata’s point for Sarawak, not a forest.

Read the essay · The harvest globe · The map

The record

Each field carries its evidence: open a chip for the source, the quoted words and the confidence. A field with nothing behind it says so and stays empty.

Place
Borneo (Malaysian Borneo: Sarawak)
documented

GEO-1 · Wikidata (Wikimedia Foundation), property P625 (coordinate location) of the item linked to · read 2026-09-27

the place name as the harvest globe’s data spells it; the Wikidata item is Q170462 (Sarawak)

confidence A

Region
not on record
not on record

no growing region in Sarawak is named in a filed source; GC-13 says Southeast Asia

Country
Malaysia
documented

GEO-1 · Wikidata (Wikimedia Foundation), property P625 (coordinate location) of the item linked to · read 2026-09-27

confidence A

Coordinates
2.5, 113 (a representative point for Sarawak (Wikidata P625), not a forest)
documented

Wikidata Q170462 (Sarawak) P625

GEO-1 · Wikidata (Wikimedia Foundation), property P625 (coordinate location) of the item linked to · read 2026-09-27

confidence A

Time zone
Asia/Kuching
documented

MY +0133+11020 Asia/Kuching

TZ-1 · IANA Time Zone Database, zone.tab, release 2026d (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority); pu · read 2026-09-27

confidence A

Traditions
not on record
not on record

no source on agarwood gathering in Sarawak is filed

Harvest, as a source states it
    Grows here

    Films and plates

    • OR-2 · oud: the origin film (the field to the bench) · queued: the master queue lists OR-2 as queued (the render queue’s list, read 2026-09-30); no path until it is rendered and published
      a render-time texture (Forest Floor; a render input only): "Forest Floor", eye-candy.xyz (Poly Haven), CC0 1.0; a render-time texture (Bark Willow 02; a render input only): "Bark Willow 02", Charlotte Baglioni (Poly Haven), CC0 1.0

    Claims register

    Every sentence and number the site states about this record, with its status after the 2026-09-27 review.

    • removed · (removed) (was: Harvest · Year-round · Rare Old Growth)
      unsourced · register row 1455

      the page now says “Harvest season not stated here — no dated source yet” (the harvest rows of the harvest globe’s data, the house’s review); agarwood is not a seasonal crop and no filed source gives a season

    • softened · Wild Aquilaria is now scarce and its trade is regulated. Much of today’s oud comes from cultivated trees in which the infection is induced by hand. Wild oud from Assam or Borneo, aged naturally over decades, remains one of the costliest raw materials in any industry, and the finest grades — prized in Japan as kyara — rarer still. (was: Genuine wild Aquilaria is critically endangered. The global oud market, valued at over $6 billion annually, is now primarily served by cultivated trees in which infection is artificially induced. Wild oud from Assam, Borneo, or Laos — aged naturally over 30-50 years — represents one of the most costly raw materials in any industry. Premium Kyara (Japanese oud) can exceed $100,000 per kilogram.)
      documented · register row 2262

      GC-13 · Baig A, Akram A, Lin MK · read 2026-09-30

      “its trade is regulated”: CITES Appendix II for all Aquilaria spp. (CITES-1; GC-13 GC-13); “induced by hand”: GC-13 (GC-13); GC-13: “The resin takes 25–30 years to form naturally” (GC-13): “decades” is supported; the old spans (20–100, 30–50 years) only in part. “Much of today’s oud”, “one of the costliest” and “kyara” have no filed source. the house’s review (2026-09-30, the copy pass): “Laos” dropped from the sentence, because Species+ does not list A. malaccensis for Laos (CITES-1); Assam (India) and Borneo (Indonesia, Malaysia) are in its distribution

      where the site says it: /materials, “Jasminum grandiflorum”

      confidence B

    Sources

    1. GC-13 · Baig A, Akram A, Lin MK. Agarwood in the Modern Era: Integrating Biotechnology and Pharmacology for Sustainable Use. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2025;26(17):8468. DOI 10.3390/ijms26178468. PMID 40943390. PMCID PMC12428735. doi.org/10.3390/ijms26178468 · read 2026-09-30 · CC BY 4.0 (open access, MDPI, as the article states); short quotes only, the text is not filed
    2. GEO-1 · Wikidata (Wikimedia Foundation), property P625 (coordinate location) of the item linked to the English Wikipedia article of each place; wbgetentities API, read 2026-09-27. Values rounded to 5 decimals by the fetch script; representative points (city, region or country centroid), not field locations. www.wikidata.org/w/api.php?action=wbgetentities&… · read 2026-09-27 · CC0 1.0 (Wikidata data licence)
    3. TZ-1 · IANA Time Zone Database, zone.tab, release 2026d (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority); public domain. data.iana.org/time-zones/tzdb/zone.tab · read 2026-09-27 · public domain
    4. CITES-1 · UNEP (2026). Aquilaria malaccensis. The Species+ Website. Nairobi, Kenya. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. Available at: www.speciesplus.net (taxon concept 24742; the CITES and EU listings). Accessed 2026-09-30. speciesplus.net/species#/taxon_concepts/24742/le… · read 2026-09-30 · Species+ terms (citation required; reuse restricted): short fields quoted, the JSON is not filed

    These records are published under CC BY 4.0.

    this record as data: /data/origin/sarawak-my.json · version 1 · updated 2026-09-30 · confidence B