The recordsAll materials

Station 2 of 13 · Material · the record

Agarwood oil (oud oil)

Agarwood oil is distilled from agarwood, the resin-laden heartwood that forms in Aquilaria trees after wounding or fungal infection. A review puts natural formation at 25 to 30 years.

Sesquiterpenes are its key constituents, agarospirol among the characteristic ones. Much agarwood is now induced in cultivated trees by fungal inoculation or wounding.

Read the essay · The card · Next station: extraction · The molecule

The record

Each field carries its evidence: open a chip for the source, the quoted words and the confidence. A field with nothing behind it says so and stays empty.

Name
agarwood oil (oud oil)
documented

It was first isolated by Bhattacharyya et al. from the essential oil of Aquilaria malaccensis [20], and was later obtained from Aquilaria sinensis by Yang Junshan et al.

GC-14 · Wen S, Cheng W, Li Y, Er L, Wu M, Deng Z, Lu L, Liu T · read 2026-09-30

confidence B

Kind
natural
perfumery convention

the trade’s shared vocabulary; no single source

a distillate of the resinous wood

confidence B

Botanical
Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.
documented

It was first isolated by Bhattacharyya et al. from the essential oil of Aquilaria malaccensis [20], and was later obtained from Aquilaria sinensis by Yang Junshan et al.

GC-14 · Wen S, Cheng W, Li Y, Er L, Wu M, Deng Z, Lu L, Liu T · read 2026-09-30

GC-14 names the essential oil of A. malaccensis; other Aquilaria species also yield agarwood

confidence B

Part
agarwood: the resin-laden heartwood
documented

Agarwood, also known as oud, aloeswood, or gharuwood, is a fragrant dark resinous wood formed in the heartwood of Aquilaria trees, particularly when they are wounded or infected by a fungus.

GC-13 · Baig A, Akram A, Lin MK · read 2026-09-30

confidence A

Extraction
hydrodistillation
perfumery convention

the trade’s shared vocabulary; no single source

no filed source names the method for agarwood oil; hydrodistillation is the trade’s convention

confidence B

Grade
not on record
not on record

no grade on record; the page’s “kyara” has no filed source

Descriptors
not on record
not on record

no descriptor for the oil on record; GC-14’s words are for agarospirol (on molecules/agarospirol)

Regulation
not on record
not on record

no Regulation record yet; CITES Appendix II (all Aquilaria spp.) is on the botanical record (CITES-1)

Price band
not on record
not on record

nothing on the site is for sale and raw-material prices are left out until the sourcing phase (the decisions log; register row 389, 390, 2263)

Constituents
  • agarospirol · share not on record
    identity: documented

    Sesquiterpenes are the key constituents of agarwood, with agarospirol recognized as one of its characteristic compounds.

    GC-14 · Wen S, Cheng W, Li Y, Er L, Wu M, Deng Z, Lu L, Liu T · read 2026-09-30

    one of agarwood’s characteristic compounds; first isolated from the essential oil of A. malaccensis (GC-14)

    confidence B

    share: not on record

    no multi-sample measured figure with medium and method is filed

In history

Films and plates

  • SPEC-2 · oud: the /materials specimen still · still
  • OR-2 · oud: the origin film (the field to the bench) · queued: the master queue lists OR-2 as queued (the render queue’s list, read 2026-09-30); no path until it is rendered and published
    a render-time texture (Forest Floor; a render input only): "Forest Floor", eye-candy.xyz (Poly Haven), CC0 1.0; a render-time texture (Bark Willow 02; a render input only): "Bark Willow 02", Charlotte Baglioni (Poly Haven), CC0 1.0

Claims register

Every sentence and number the site states about this record, with its status after the 2026-09-27 review.

  • softened · aged naturally over decades (was: aged naturally over 30-50 years)
    documented · register row 1316

    GC-13 · Baig A, Akram A, Lin MK · read 2026-09-30

    softened by the house’s review 2026-09-27 (row 2262). GC-13: “The resin takes 25–30 years to form naturally” (GC-13): “decades” is supported; the old spans (20–100, 30–50 years) only in part

    where the site says it: /materials, “Aquilaria malaccensis”

    confidence B

  • softened · Accumulation time: Decades (was: Accumulation time 20–100 years)
    documented · register row 1317

    GC-13 · Baig A, Akram A, Lin MK · read 2026-09-30

    softened by the house’s review 2026-09-27 (row 2265). GC-13: “The resin takes 25–30 years to form naturally” (GC-13): “decades” is supported; the old spans (20–100, 30–50 years) only in part

    where the site says it: /materials, “Aquilaria malaccensis”

    confidence B

  • softened · The oldest pieces are among the costliest materials in perfumery. (was: The oldest specimens command prices rivaling fine art.)
    unsourced · register row 2261

    softened by the house’s review: a price comparison. No price source is filed; the sentence stays unsourced

    where the site says it: /materials, “Jasminum grandiflorum”

  • removed · (removed) (was: Wild price: $30,000–100,000/kg)
    unsourced · register row 2263

    removed by the house’s review 2026-09-27: a price stated as fact with no source; nothing on the site is for sale (the decisions log)

  • softened · Accumulation time: Decades (was: Accumulation time: 20–100 years)
    documented · register row 2265

    GC-13 · Baig A, Akram A, Lin MK · read 2026-09-30

    GC-13: “The resin takes 25–30 years to form naturally” (GC-13): “decades” is supported; the old spans (20–100, 30–50 years) only in part

    where the site says it: /materials, “Aquilaria malaccensis”

    confidence B

  • removed · (removed) (was: Premium Kyara (Japanese oud) can exceed $100,000 per kilogram.)
    unsourced · register row 389

    removed by the house’s review 2026-09-27 (row 2262): a price stated as fact with no source; nothing on the site is for sale (the decisions log)

  • removed · (removed) (was: Wild price Up to $100,000/kg)
    unsourced · register row 390

    removed by the house’s review 2026-09-27 (row 2263): a price stated as fact with no source; nothing on the site is for sale (the decisions log)

Sources

  1. GC-13 · Baig A, Akram A, Lin MK. Agarwood in the Modern Era: Integrating Biotechnology and Pharmacology for Sustainable Use. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2025;26(17):8468. DOI 10.3390/ijms26178468. PMID 40943390. PMCID PMC12428735. doi.org/10.3390/ijms26178468 · read 2026-09-30 · CC BY 4.0 (open access, MDPI, as the article states); short quotes only, the text is not filed
  2. GC-14 · Wen S, Cheng W, Li Y, Er L, Wu M, Deng Z, Lu L, Liu T. Terpene synthases screening in agarwood tree Aquilaria yunnanensis leads to the discovery of agarospirol. Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2027;15:1–9 (online 17 June 2026). DOI 10.1016/j.synbio.2026.05.009. PMID 42376004. PMCID PMC13311179. doi.org/10.1016/j.synbio.2026.05.009 · read 2026-09-30 · CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 (open access, as the article states); short quotes only, nothing adapted or filed
  3. CITES-1 · UNEP (2026). Aquilaria malaccensis. The Species+ Website. Nairobi, Kenya. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. Available at: www.speciesplus.net (taxon concept 24742; the CITES and EU listings). Accessed 2026-09-30. speciesplus.net/species#/taxon_concepts/24742/le… · read 2026-09-30 · Species+ terms (citation required; reuse restricted): short fields quoted, the JSON is not filed

These records are published under CC BY 4.0.

this record as data: /data/material/agarwood-oil.json · version 1 · updated 2026-09-30 · confidence B