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Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.

Aquilaria malaccensis Lam., of the family Thymelaeaceae, is the agarwood tree of Southeast Asia. Oud is not its wood but its wound response: a dark resin that forms in the heartwood when the tree is wounded or infected by a fungus.

Every Aquilaria is on CITES Appendix II, so international trade in the wood and oil needs permits; the current listing has been in force since 23 February 2023.

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The record

Each field carries its evidence: open a chip for the source, the quoted words and the confidence. A field with nothing behind it says so and stays empty.

Latin name
Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.
documented

"scientificName": "Aquilaria malaccensis Lam."

GBIF-1 · GBIF Secretariat (2023) · read 2026-09-30

the accepted name in the GBIF Backbone (usage 5524063); Species+ carries the same name (CITES-1)

confidence A

Common name
agarwood tree; its resinous wood is agarwood, or oud
documented

Agarwood, also known as oud, aloeswood, or gharuwood, is a fragrant dark resinous wood formed in the heartwood of Aquilaria trees, particularly when they are wounded or infected by a fungus.

GC-13 · Baig A, Akram A, Lin MK · read 2026-09-30

confidence A

Family
Thymelaeaceae
documented

"family": "Thymelaeaceae"

GBIF-1 · GBIF Secretariat (2023) · read 2026-09-30

confidence A

Part used
the heartwood, where a dark fragrant resin forms when the tree is wounded or infected by a fungus
documented

Agarwood, also known as oud, aloeswood, or gharuwood, is a fragrant dark resinous wood formed in the heartwood of Aquilaria trees, particularly when they are wounded or infected by a fungus.

GC-13 · Baig A, Akram A, Lin MK · read 2026-09-30

confidence A

Cultivars
not on record
not on record

no cultivar is named in a filed source

Origins on record
  • Borneo (Malaysian Borneo: Sarawak)
    documented

    Southeast Asia; Malaysia is in the species’ Species+ distribution (CITES-1, read). The Sarawak point is the page’s

    confidence B

Materials

Films and plates

  • SPEC-2 · oud: the /materials specimen still · still
  • OR-2 · oud: the origin film (the field to the bench) · queued: the master queue lists OR-2 as queued (the render queue’s list, read 2026-09-30); no path until it is rendered and published
    a render-time texture (Forest Floor; a render input only): "Forest Floor", eye-candy.xyz (Poly Haven), CC0 1.0; a render-time texture (Bark Willow 02; a render input only): "Bark Willow 02", Charlotte Baglioni (Poly Haven), CC0 1.0

Claims register

Every sentence and number the site states about this record, with its status after the 2026-09-27 review.

  • verified · Trade: CITES Appendix II (the genus Aquilaria is listed) (was: CITES status: Appendix II Protected)
    documented · register row 2264

    CITES-1 · UNEP (2026) · read 2026-09-30

    softened by the house’s review because the law claim had no source. CITES-1 now documents it: Appendix II, a genus listing of Aquilaria spp., in force from 23 February 2023 (CITES-1); GC-13: listed since 2004. The old “Appendix II” can be restored with CITES-1 (main’s call); “Protected” overstates an Appendix II listing (trade under permit). the house’s review (2026-09-30, the copy pass): the listing restored on the page as a listing, not “Protected” (the owner’s decision; a review report)

    where the site says it: /materials, “Aquilaria malaccensis”

    confidence A

Sources

  1. GBIF-1 · GBIF Secretariat (2023). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2026-09-30. doi.org/10.15468/39omei · read 2026-09-30 · CC BY 4.0 (the dataset’s licence field); the JSON responses are filed, pretty-printed, with this attribution
  2. CITES-1 · UNEP (2026). Aquilaria malaccensis. The Species+ Website. Nairobi, Kenya. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. Available at: www.speciesplus.net (taxon concept 24742; the CITES and EU listings). Accessed 2026-09-30. speciesplus.net/species#/taxon_concepts/24742/le… · read 2026-09-30 · Species+ terms (citation required; reuse restricted): short fields quoted, the JSON is not filed
  3. GC-13 · Baig A, Akram A, Lin MK. Agarwood in the Modern Era: Integrating Biotechnology and Pharmacology for Sustainable Use. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2025;26(17):8468. DOI 10.3390/ijms26178468. PMID 40943390. PMCID PMC12428735. doi.org/10.3390/ijms26178468 · read 2026-09-30 · CC BY 4.0 (open access, MDPI, as the article states); short quotes only, the text is not filed

These records are published under CC BY 4.0.

this record as data: /data/botanical/aquilaria-malaccensis.json · version 1 · updated 2026-09-30 · confidence A