{
 "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
 "id": "orris-butter",
 "type": "Material",
 "version": 2,
 "updated": "2026-09-30",
 "station": 2,
 "confidence": "B",
 "sources": [
  "GC-4"
 ],
 "notes": "GC-4 distinguishes the butter (the steam-distilled oil, also called orris concrete) from the absolute (the butter with its fatty acids separated off by alcohol) (docs/sources/GC-4-crisan-2025-genus-iris.md:46); the page writes “Orris butter (absolute)”. Only the butter is recorded.",
 "name": {
  "value": "orris butter (orris essential oil, also called orris concrete)",
  "evidence": "documented",
  "source": "GC-4",
  "where": "docs/sources/GC-4-crisan-2025-genus-iris.md:43",
  "quote": "According to industry specification, dry grounded rhizome is steam-distilled to obtain orris essential oil, also known as orris butter or orris concrete (yield of 0.2–0.3%), with an irone content of 13–17% and a high amount of partially esterified fatty acids (>80%), which causes the product to be a solid mass at room temperature and yellow to brown in color.",
  "confidence": "B"
 },
 "kind": {
  "value": "natural",
  "evidence": "perfumery convention",
  "source": null,
  "where": null,
  "note": "a distillate of the dried rhizome",
  "confidence": "B"
 },
 "botanical": {
  "value": "iris-pallida",
  "evidence": "documented",
  "source": "GC-4",
  "where": "docs/sources/GC-4-crisan-2025-genus-iris.md:13",
  "quote": "Notably, this species is the basis of industrial orris in Tuscany, and other species (such as I. germanica) are also cultivated for these purposes, mostly in other countries.",
  "confidence": "B",
  "note": "GC-4’s specification sentence names no species; the Tuscan orris is I. pallida (and I. germanica elsewhere)"
 },
 "part": {
  "value": "the dried, ground rhizome, aged",
  "evidence": "documented",
  "source": "GC-4",
  "where": "docs/sources/GC-4-crisan-2025-genus-iris.md:43",
  "quote": "According to industry specification, dry grounded rhizome is steam-distilled to obtain orris essential oil, also known as orris butter or orris concrete (yield of 0.2–0.3%), with an irone content of 13–17% and a high amount of partially esterified fatty acids (>80%), which causes the product to be a solid mass at room temperature and yellow to brown in color.",
  "confidence": "B",
  "note": "after about three years of ageing (docs/sources/GC-4-crisan-2025-genus-iris.md:28)"
 },
 "extraction": {
  "value": "steam-distillation",
  "evidence": "documented",
  "source": "GC-4",
  "where": "docs/sources/GC-4-crisan-2025-genus-iris.md:43",
  "quote": "According to industry specification, dry grounded rhizome is steam-distilled to obtain orris essential oil, also known as orris butter or orris concrete (yield of 0.2–0.3%), with an irone content of 13–17% and a high amount of partially esterified fatty acids (>80%), which causes the product to be a solid mass at room temperature and yellow to brown in color.",
  "confidence": "B"
 },
 "processes": [
  "iris-rhizome-harvest",
  "orris-ageing"
 ],
 "grade": {
  "value": null,
  "evidence": null,
  "source": null,
  "where": null,
  "confidence": null,
  "note": "no grade on record"
 },
 "descriptors": {
  "value": null,
  "evidence": null,
  "source": null,
  "where": null,
  "confidence": null,
  "note": "no descriptor for the butter on record; GC-4 calls the irones behind it violet-like (on molecules/alpha-irone)"
 },
 "constituents": [
  {
   "molecule": "alpha-irone",
   "identity": {
    "value": true,
    "evidence": "documented",
    "source": "GC-4",
    "where": "docs/sources/GC-4-crisan-2025-genus-iris.md:40",
    "quote": "Essential oil from I. germanica rhizomes from Morocco aged for two years had 62% cis-α-irone, 37% cis-γ-irone and 1% trans-α-irone, while I. pallida essential oil had 61% cis-γ-irone, 34% cis-α-irone and 5% trans-α-irone [161].",
    "confidence": "B",
    "note": "α-irone (cis and trans) in an I. pallida rhizome oil, cited by the review to one study; cis-γ-irone is the larger part there and is not recorded as a molecule (the page names α-irone)"
   },
   "share": {
    "value": null,
    "evidence": null,
    "source": null,
    "where": null,
    "confidence": null,
    "note": "one oil’s figures (cited by a review) and an industry specification’s total irone content: under the site’s rule no share is shown"
   },
   "rank": {
    "value": null,
    "evidence": null,
    "source": null,
    "where": null,
    "confidence": null,
    "note": "no multi-sample analysis with medium and method is filed"
   }
  }
 ],
 "regulation": {
  "value": null,
  "evidence": null,
  "source": null,
  "where": null,
  "confidence": null,
  "note": "no Regulation record yet"
 },
 "price_band": {
  "value": null,
  "evidence": null,
  "source": null,
  "where": null,
  "confidence": null,
  "note": "nothing on the site is for sale and raw-material prices are left out until the sourcing phase (DECISIONS_LOG P2-2; claims.csv 393, 394, 2300, 2302)"
 },
 "media": [
  "spec-iris",
  "or-9-film"
 ],
 "links": {
  "essay": "/materials#origin-iris",
  "card": "/materials#naturals",
  "extraction": "/science#extraction",
  "molecule": "/molecule/alpha-irone"
 },
 "copy": {
  "lede": "Orris butter is the oil steam-distilled from the dried, ground rhizome of the iris after years of ageing. It sets solid at room temperature because of the fatty acids that come over with it.",
  "body": [
   "The review on record gives about three years in the ground and about three more of ageing, during which the irones form. Separating the fatty acids with alcohol gives the absolute, a further product. No shares are given here."
  ]
 }
}